How Does The Hippocampus Plays A Vital Role Memory...

ct There is extensive evidence to prove that the hippocampus plays a vital role in memory retrieval. However the extent to what type of memories the hippocampus supports and the process in which retrieval occurs is an ongoing debate. The two theories that are dominant in this debate are the Standard Model of Systems Consolidation (SMSC) and the Multiple Trace Theory (MTT). This paper will provide a review on the evidence supporting these two composing theories, the research providing evidence against the models, and finally their limitations. Additionally, a novel theory coined the Competitive Trace Theory (CTT) will be reviewed in order to conclude whether or not this model can provide a more holistic and accurate representation of the role of the hippocampus in memory retrieval while simultaneously providing explanations for flaws in previously proposed models. Introduction Extensive research in the field of memory and cognition have provided substantial evidence to prove that the hippocampus is a critical brain mechanism in the role of memory. Although an ongoing debate specifically in memory retrieval is the exact role of this brain structure when extracting memories. There are multiple models of the neural basis of memory retrieval that have posed a hypothesis to answer this exact question. The two theories that are dominant in this debate are the Multiple Trace Theory (MTT) proposed by Nadel and Moscovitch in 1997 and the Standard Model of Systems ConsolidationShow MoreRelatedThe Theory of Reconsolidation753 Words   |  3 PagesReconsolidation - What is it and how can it impact on our lives? Learning is a very important aspect of humans and creatures alike. Not only is it essential to the survival and adaption into this world but it also defines who we are as individuals (Schiller et al, 2010; Tronson Taylor, 2007). 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High School and District Championship Free Essays

Holding the ball in my hands, sweat pouring off my forehead into my eyes, I stare confidently at the hoop, ready to shoot my first free throw. My teammates are lined up behind me at the half court line yelling words of encouragement. I shoot my first shot and the ball flies through the air. We will write a custom essay sample on High School and District Championship or any similar topic only for you Order Now After what seems like centuries, it sinks in the rim with a loud swoosh, and the crowd roars. My teammates rush up to me, high- fiving and slapping me on the back. The game is tied and I have one more shot. The eferee tosses me the ball and the gym falls silent. Adrenaline coursing through my veins, I shoot the second shot. It rolls around the rim and falls in. The gym is alive with excitement as the final buzzer sounds and all my teammates are on their feet jumping and cheering, some crying with Joy. We won the state championship! In the midst of all this, a strange thought enters my mind. Where would I be if I hadn’t been in basketball? My basketball career started in 4th grade. Back then the only thing I really wanted to do was run around, dribble a ball, and hang out with friends. Practices were all very basic: plenty of layups and dribbling drills, and not much shooting or running. When our season began, we went into the games Just for fun; however, we started getting better and going into games with a â€Å"NO LOSE† attitude. We ended our fourth grade season undefeated. This is where my love of the game started. This devotion continued throughout later elementary and middle school. We have been extremely lucky to have 5 girls who have remained constant through all of the adversity we have faced together. When I started high school, I had to go hrough a big change that I had never experience before. I was no longer the star. I had girls four years older than me, not to mention much better. I had to earn my spot. Though I didn’t play much varsity my freshman year, I learned many ways to improve. The last game of my freshman year was the district championship against our arch-rivals St. Thomas More, which we lost. As I was sitting in the locker room, watching the senior girls cry and listening to them apologizing for not getting us farther, I started setting goals in my head. Our coach came in after the game, gave us piece of paper and told us to write down what we needed to improve, so the seniors the following year wouldn’t feel that way. That next summer we pulled those papers out and we started to improve on our flaws. My sophomore year was one that I will never forget. The transition from my freshman year to my sophomore year was a little more drastic. Instead of sitting the bench like I had the previous year, I was now starting varsity as a point guard. Starting the season with this big of a responsibility was very nerve-wracking on me, but my teammates and coaches, gave e a great deal of confidence that carried me through the season. We had two amazing seniors that were great leaders and very effective on the court. The night before the district championship, I was admitted into the hospital for appendicitis. It was the worst feeling I had ever had in my life. The thought of letting my team down tore me apart. I called my head coach at 4 am the morning of the game, letting him know what had happened and that I wouldn’t be playing that day. Three hours later I nad my appendix taken out. All I remember is lying in the hospital bed crying, hinking why this had to happen to me when it did. When I woke up after surgery, my coach had come to see how I was doing and to let me know that this had happened for a reason and that we would make it work. He told me that if I wasn’t able to go to the game, he would bring me a radio on the way so I could be sure to listen, and that he would stop afterwards to let me know how it went and I could see the team. After all day lying in my hospital bed crying, I was released at 2 pm that day and the first place I went was the gym. When I walked in, my team gathered around me to make ure I was 0k. As I continued to watch them shoot, I decided I wanted to go to the game, but I didn’t want to ride with anyone other than the team. I checked with my mom and she allowed me to ride the bus to the game. Sitting on the sideline, I watched my team win the district championship. My day went from terrible to amazing in less than two hours. It was a great feeling when a few of my teammates came up to me and said, â€Å"This was for you! † The season continued after that, and we won the regional championship, and we made our first trip to the2009 State Tournament, and we placed 3rd. After all that success my sophomore year, we hit some adversity starting into my Junior summer. After our trip to state, our head coach got an offer for a different coaching position at a bigger school, and our assistant also got another Job offer teaching. We were left coach-less, and the 5 of us that had been together through everything up to this point didn’t know what we were going to do. A few of us started going to open gym in another town, so we could play, because we had no one to open it for us at home. We older girls tried getting everyone together to see what their thoughts on the situation were. Finally, in August of my Junior year, they hired someone. It was such a relief knowing that our season wasn’t going to be dropped before it even started. We had a few open gyms with the new guy, and suddenly he quit. He left us a week and a half before our official season started. There we were again, shocked and hopeless, some of us wanting to move to another town, Just so we could play. Then our current coach took the position. He had been the boys head coach for a few years having Just a couple successful seasons. The team had a meeting the Tuesday before practice started and he asked us to make eam goals for the season; we told him, â€Å"A trip to the state tournament, and an undefeated season. † Coach looked at us crazy but wrote them down. We started the season off stronger than ever, winning all of our games until it came to the West River Tournament, which we had been back-to-back champs the previous years. We played Wall and they ended up beating us by 3 in the championship game. It was devastating; we couldn’t believe they took our perfect season, Just like that. After that game we came back ready to kill, and that’s exactly what we did. We went into the istrict championship 21-1 . That â€Å"NO LOSE† attitude came back into effect and we won the district championship and the region championship for the second year in a row. We went back to state and played our hearts out, with the help of one amazing senior who played a huge role in our team’s success. We finished 5th as consolation champions. As I reflect on the many years I have put into this game, I can’t help but still wonder where I would be without it. I have learned so much about life, relationships, and hardships through this experience. With the help of basketball I m able to be a good leader, can work through adversity, and am a competitor through any obstacles I am torced to tace. As a senior, this year is the beginning ot the end of my high school basketball career, and I want nothing less than a state championship. I want to feel the rush of being on the line, with the game in my hands, and seizing that opportunity to make my teammates proud; to prove that all that hard work and hours in the gym has paid off. I want to leave the Newell Lady Irrigators knowing we accomplished something great, and that we will always be remembered. How to cite High School and District Championship, Papers

Dr Martin Luther King Jr Essay Example For Students

Dr Martin Luther King Jr Essay In 1965, during the civil rights movement there were many organizations which fought for the rights of African-Americans. The Southern Christian Leadership Committee and the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee were two of the major organizations, which focused on fighting for black peoples rights. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was the President of the Southern Christian Leadership Committee. He believed in non-violence, which was the form of resistance in which he used against the white people. By Dr. King using this form of non-violence this helped to save the lives of many black people. Many of the black people wanted to go up and fight against the white people, but Dr. King knew that violence wouldnt get them anywhere. He tried to instill this form of non-violence in all of his fellow black citizens. While in the Birmingham jail on April 16, 1963, Dr. King sat and responded to a recent statement, which called his activities unwise and untimely. In this letter, Dr. King stated how rarely he responded back to all of the criticism in which he received about his work and ideas. Due to the fact, that if he did always respond to all of the criticisms, then he would never have any time to do constructive work. Dr. King proceeded on in the letter and stated the reasons why he was affiliated with Birmingham. Which was because he was asked to be on call to engage in a non-violent direct action program, if it was necessary. The major reason Dr. King was in Birmingham was due to injustice. Birmingham was one of the most segregated cities in the United States, during this time. In this letter Dr. King made a significant statement about why he felt that it was his duty to see to it that freedom for every race was carried out. He said: Just as the prophets of the eighth century B.C. left their villages and carried their thus saith the lord, far beyond the boundaries of their home towns, and just as the Apostle Paul left his village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far corners of the Greco-Roman world, so am I. compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my home town. Like Paul, I must constantly respond to the Macedonian call for aid. (Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., In a letter from Birmingham jail.) In this quote from Dr. King he believed that he was on a call from the Lord, to see to it that every race was treated equally and given freedom. In this letter that Dr. King wrote, while in the Birmingham jail he was addressing all of the people who were criticizing him about his work and ideas. He was trying to make the white people realize and understand where he was coming from, and why they were doing sit-ins, and non-violent protests. Dr. King did not always respond to all of the criticism in which he received. The majority of all the criticism came from white people who were just afraid of a powerful black man, like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was a significant leader in the civil rights movement, and he worked very hard to get black people the same treatment as the white people. In this letter from Birmingham jail was just one of the many accomplishments that Dr. King achieved. Bibliography: .